Every opening below is listed with the moves that reach it, its ECO code, and what actually happened when masters played it: how often White or Black won, which continuation they chose, and who played it most. The numbers come from Katuranga's collection of 138,070 master games — the same collection the Explore board and the bot's opening book read from.
310 openings have enough games to earn a page, grouped into 46 families. An opening enters the list once at least 300 master games have played it; below that, win percentages say more about who played the game than about the opening.
Most played
| Openings | Moves | Games | White / draws / Black |
|---|---|---|---|
| King's Pawn Game B00 | 1.e4 | 62,859 | 37/34/29 |
| Queen's Pawn Game A40 | 1.d4 | 45,810 | 34/38/28 |
| Indian Defense A45 | 1.d4 Nf6 | 29,631 | 33/40/27 |
| King's Pawn Game C20 | 1.e4 e5 | 24,632 | 35/40/25 |
| Indian Defense: Normal Variation A50 | 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 | 22,243 | 32/43/25 |
| King's Knight Opening C40 | 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 | 21,895 | 34/42/24 |
| Sicilian Defense B20 | 1.e4 c5 | 21,789 | 38/32/30 |
| King's Knight Opening: Normal Variation C44 | 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 | 19,295 | 34/41/25 |
| Sicilian Defense B27 | 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 | 18,942 | 38/33/29 |
| Zukertort Opening A04 | 1.Nf3 | 14,933 | 41/34/25 |
| Ruy Lopez C60 | 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 | 12,516 | 34/43/23 |
| Queen's Pawn Game D00 | 1.d4 d5 | 11,560 | 37/39/24 |
Browse by family
King's Pawn Game 2 pages in this family
- King's Pawn Game · B00 · 62,859
- King's Pawn Game · C20 · 24,632
Queen's Pawn Game 9 pages in this family
- Queen's Pawn Game · A40 · 45,810
- Queen's Pawn Game · D00 · 11,560
- Zukertort Variation · D02 · 1,968
- Symmetrical Variation · D02 · 1,390
- Modern Defense · A40 · 899
- Queen's Pawn Game · A41 · 671
- Chigorin Variation · A45 · 418
- Accelerated London System · D00 · 309
- London System · D02 · 306
Indian Defense 7 pages in this family
- Indian Defense · A45 · 29,631
- Normal Variation · A50 · 22,243
- Anti-Nimzo-Indian · E10 · 7,325
- West Indian Defense · E60 · 6,337
- Knights Variation · A46 · 5,074
- Accelerated London System · A45 · 647
- Przepiorka Variation · A49 · 368
King's Knight Opening 2 pages in this family
- King's Knight Opening · C40 · 21,895
- Normal Variation · C44 · 19,295
Sicilian Defense 48 pages in this family
- Sicilian Defense · B20 · 21,789
- Sicilian Defense · B27 · 18,942
- Modern Variations · B50 · 9,282
- Sicilian Defense · B50 · 6,995
- Sicilian Defense · B50 · 6,811
- Modern Variations, Main Line · B54 · 6,441
- Najdorf Variation · B90 · 4,731
- Old Sicilian · B30 · 4,730
- French Variation · B40 · 4,191
- French Variation, Open · B40 · 2,956
- Open · B32 · 2,339
- Open · B32 · 2,338
- Open · B32 · 2,337
- Nyezhmetdinov-Rossolimo Attack · B30 · 1,700
- Closed · B23 · 1,468
- Moscow Variation · B51 · 1,420
- Open · B33 · 1,384
- Najdorf Variation, English Attack · B90 · 1,297
- Taimanov Variation · B44 · 1,195
- Taimanov Variation · B45 · 1,062
- Kan Variation · B41 · 1,049
- Najdorf Variation · B94 · 770
- Najdorf Variation, Opocensky Variation · B92 · 747
- Classical Variation · B56 · 737
- Nyezhmetdinov-Rossolimo Attack, Fianchetto Variation · B31 · 725
- Alapin Variation · B22 · 712
- Lasker-Pelikan Variation · B33 · 699
- Closed, Traditional · B23 · 692
- French Variation, Normal · B40 · 668
- Taimanov Variation, Bastrikov Variation · B47 · 618
- Najdorf Variation · B95 · 595
- Moscow Variation, Main Line · B52 · 561
- Dragon Variation · B70 · 521
- Lasker-Pelikan Variation, Sveshnikov Variation · B33 · 502
- Najdorf Variation · B96 · 498
- Richter-Rauzer Variation · B60 · 491
- Kan Variation, Modern Variation · B42 · 488
- Najdorf Variation, Adams Attack · B90 · 455
- Richter-Rauzer Variation · B62 · 404
- Richter-Rauzer Variation, Traditional Variation · B63 · 379
- Delayed Alapin Variation, with e6 · B40 · 377
- Dragon Variation · B72 · 362
- Hyperaccelerated Dragon · B27 · 356
- Delayed Alapin Variation, with d6 · B50 · 351
- Accelerated Dragon · B32 · 346
- Taimanov Variation, Bastrikov Variation, English Attack · B48 · 337
- Chekhover Variation · B53 · 328
- Dragon Variation, Yugoslav Attack, Early Deviations · B75 · 313
Zukertort Opening 6 pages in this family
- Zukertort Opening · A04 · 14,933
- Zukertort Opening · A05 · 6,439
- Zukertort Opening · A06 · 5,559
- Sicilian Invitation · A04 · 1,523
- Kingside Fianchetto · A04 · 609
- Nimzo-Larsen Variation · A05 · 580
Ruy Lopez 31 pages in this family
- Ruy Lopez · C60 · 12,516
- Morphy Defense · C70 · 8,064
- Morphy Defense · C78 · 5,861
- Closed · C84 · 3,942
- Berlin Defense · C65 · 3,599
- Closed · C88 · 2,916
- Berlin Defense · C65 · 1,850
- Berlin Defense, Rio Gambit Accepted · C67 · 1,680
- Berlin Defense, Anti-Berlin Variation · C65 · 1,575
- Closed · C88 · 1,424
- Closed · C90 · 1,368
- Closed · C92 · 1,234
- Berlin Defense, l'Hermet Variation · C67 · 880
- Open · C80 · 809
- Open · C80 · 793
- Open · C80 · 752
- Berlin Defense, l'Hermet Variation, Berlin Wall Defense · C67 · 740
- Open · C80 · 703
- Open, Main Line · C80 · 701
- Closed, Martinez Variation · C84 · 608
- Morphy Defense, Modern Steinitz Defense · C71 · 552
- Morphy Defense, Anderssen Variation · C77 · 535
- Morphy Defense, Neo-Arkhangelsk Variation · C78 · 475
- Closed, Chigorin Defense · C97 · 389
- Closed, Chigorin Defense · C96 · 389
- Closed, Chigorin Defense · C96 · 382
- Exchange Variation · C68 · 382
- Closed, Anti-Marshall · C88 · 364
- Closed, Breyer Defense · C94 · 344
- Closed, Breyer · C95 · 321
- Closed, Breyer Defense, Zaitsev Hybrid · C95 · 319
English Opening 15 pages in this family
- English Opening · A10 · 10,834
- Anglo-Indian Defense · A15 · 3,366
- King's English Variation · A20 · 2,529
- Anglo-Indian Defense, Queen's Knight Variation · A16 · 2,223
- Agincourt Defense · A13 · 1,912
- King's English Variation, Reversed Sicilian · A21 · 1,509
- Symmetrical Variation · A30 · 1,212
- King's English Variation, Two Knights Variation · A22 · 852
- Great Snake Variation · A10 · 777
- Symmetrical Variation · A30 · 718
- Caro-Kann Defensive System · A11 · 681
- King's English Variation, Four Knights Variation · A28 · 610
- Anglo-Indian Defense, King's Knight Variation · A15 · 591
- Anglo-Indian Defense, Hedgehog System · A17 · 584
- Agincourt Defense · A13 · 416
Queen's Gambit 1 pages in this family
- Queen's Gambit · D06 · 8,858
French Defense 25 pages in this family
- French Defense · C00 · 6,176
- Normal Variation · C00 · 5,579
- French Defense · C00 · 5,533
- Paulsen Variation · C10 · 3,079
- Classical Variation · C11 · 1,548
- Tarrasch Variation · C03 · 1,173
- Winawer Variation · C15 · 1,129
- Winawer Variation, Advance Variation · C16 · 855
- Advance Variation · C02 · 816
- Advance Variation · C02 · 793
- Classical Variation · C11 · 756
- Advance Variation · C02 · 747
- Classical Variation, Steinitz Variation · C11 · 731
- Tarrasch Variation, Open System · C07 · 635
- Winawer Variation, Advance Variation · C17 · 592
- Steinitz Variation · C11 · 582
- Advance Variation · C02 · 565
- Advance Variation, Paulsen Attack · C02 · 561
- Winawer Variation, Advance Variation · C17 · 535
- Steinitz Variation, Boleslavsky Variation · C11 · 512
- Winawer Variation, Advance Variation · C18 · 456
- Exchange Variation · C01 · 413
- Classical Variation, Burn Variation · C11 · 406
- Rubinstein Variation · C10 · 307
- Winawer Variation, Advance Variation · C18 · 302
Caro-Kann Defense 17 pages in this family
- Caro-Kann Defense · B10 · 5,477
- Caro-Kann Defense · B12 · 4,145
- Caro-Kann Defense · B12 · 4,064
- Advance Variation · B12 · 1,738
- Caro-Kann Defense · B15 · 946
- Caro-Kann Defense · B15 · 914
- Exchange Variation · B13 · 832
- Exchange Variation · B13 · 825
- Advance Variation, Short Variation · B12 · 733
- Caro-Kann Defense · B10 · 455
- Caro-Kann Defense · B10 · 440
- Modern Variation · B12 · 435
- Main Line · B15 · 420
- Two Knights Attack · B10 · 370
- Advance Variation, Tal Variation · B12 · 366
- Panov Attack · B13 · 334
- Panov Attack · B13 · 313
Nimzo-Indian Defense 10 pages in this family
- Nimzo-Indian Defense · E20 · 4,729
- Rubinstein System · E40 · 1,893
- Classical Variation · E32 · 1,555
- Normal Variation · E46 · 1,218
- Normal Variation · E47 · 742
- Three Knights Variation · E21 · 562
- Normal Variation, Classical Defense · E48 · 481
- Classical Variation, Noa Variation · E34 · 434
- Rubinstein System · E41 · 356
- Kmoch Variation · E20 · 309
King's Indian Defense 13 pages in this family
- King's Indian Defense · E61 · 4,545
- Normal Variation · E70 · 2,024
- Normal Variation · E70 · 1,879
- Fianchetto Variation, Immediate Fianchetto · E60 · 870
- Normal Variation, Rare Defenses · E90 · 636
- Orthodox Variation · E91 · 553
- Normal Variation, King's Knight Variation · E60 · 511
- Normal Variation, Standard Development · E73 · 486
- Orthodox Variation · E92 · 470
- Fianchetto Variation · E60 · 452
- Sämisch Variation · E80 · 433
- Sämisch Variation, Normal Defense · E81 · 356
- Orthodox Variation · E94 · 328
Italian Game 13 pages in this family
- Italian Game · C50 · 4,424
- Giuoco Piano · C50 · 2,675
- Two Knights Defense · C55 · 1,656
- Two Knights Defense, Modern Bishop's Opening · C55 · 1,354
- Classical Variation · C53 · 1,161
- Classical Variation · C54 · 1,111
- Classical Variation, Giuoco Pianissimo · C54 · 837
- Giuoco Pianissimo, Normal · C50 · 709
- Classical Variation, Giuoco Pianissimo · C54 · 466
- Giuoco Pianissimo · C50 · 447
- Evans Gambit · C51 · 390
- Two Knights Defense, Modern Bishop's Opening · C55 · 388
- Evans Gambit Accepted · C51 · 318
Slav Defense 9 pages in this family
- Slav Defense · D10 · 4,073
- Modern Line · D11 · 2,574
- Three Knights Variation · D15 · 1,399
- Slav Defense · D10 · 1,130
- Quiet Variation · D11 · 737
- Two Knights Attack · D15 · 522
- Alapin Variation · D16 · 466
- Czech Variation · D17 · 368
- Quiet Variation, Schallopp Defense · D12 · 321
Queen's Gambit Declined 12 pages in this family
- Queen's Gambit Declined · D30 · 3,217
- Three Knights Variation · D37 · 2,814
- Queen's Knight Variation · D31 · 2,147
- Normal Defense · D35 · 899
- Ragozin Defense · D38 · 707
- Modern Variation · D50 · 453
- Harrwitz Attack · D37 · 448
- Exchange Variation · D35 · 390
- Semi-Tarrasch Defense · D40 · 389
- Charousek Variation · D31 · 382
- Exchange Variation, Positional Variation · D35 · 320
- Semi-Tarrasch Defense · D41 · 309
Petrov's Defense 9 pages in this family
- Petrov's Defense · C42 · 2,341
- Petrov's Defense · C42 · 1,694
- Petrov's Defense · C42 · 1,655
- Petrov's Defense · C42 · 1,578
- Petrov's Defense · C42 · 1,578
- Classical Attack · C42 · 894
- Nimzowitsch Attack · C42 · 404
- Modern Attack · C43 · 385
- Classical Attack, Mason-Showalter Variation · C42 · 337
Grünfeld Defense 6 pages in this family
- Grünfeld Defense · D80 · 2,262
- Exchange Variation · D85 · 1,163
- Three Knights Variation · D90 · 678
- Three Knights Variation · D90 · 678
- Exchange Variation, Classical Variation · D86 · 348
- Exchange Variation, Modern Exchange Variation · D85 · 310
Queen's Indian Defense 9 pages in this family
- Queen's Indian Defense · E12 · 2,185
- Fianchetto Variation · E15 · 1,453
- Fianchetto Variation, Nimzowitsch Variation · E15 · 842
- Fianchetto Variation, Traditional Line · E15 · 515
- Fianchetto Variation, Nimzowitsch Variation, Quiet Line · E15 · 486
- Traditional Variation · E17 · 370
- Petrosian Variation · E12 · 351
- Fianchetto Variation, Check Variation · E15 · 344
- Fianchetto Variation, Check Variation, Intermezzo Line · E15 · 334
King's Indian Attack 4 pages in this family
- King's Indian Attack · A07 · 2,104
- Symmetrical Defense · A05 · 711
- Double Fianchetto · A07 · 602
- King's Indian Attack · A05 · 527
Horwitz Defense 1 pages in this family
- Horwitz Defense · A40 · 1,773
East Indian Defense 1 pages in this family
- East Indian Defense · A48 · 1,714
Nimzo-Larsen Attack 6 pages in this family
- Nimzo-Larsen Attack · A01 · 1,532
- Classical Variation · A01 · 532
- Modern Variation · A01 · 466
- Classical Variation · A06 · 449
- Modern Variation · A01 · 416
- Modern Variation · A01 · 308
Modern Defense 3 pages in this family
- Modern Defense · B06 · 1,323
- Modern Defense · B06 · 998
- Standard Line · B06 · 609
Queen's Gambit Accepted 6 pages in this family
- Queen's Gambit Accepted · D20 · 1,226
- Normal Variation · D21 · 662
- Queen's Gambit Accepted · D23 · 488
- Normal Variation · D25 · 435
- Saduleto Variation · D20 · 360
- Normal Variation, Traditional System · D26 · 320
Pirc Defense 4 pages in this family
- Pirc Defense · B00 · 1,186
- Pirc Defense · B00 · 1,121
- Pirc Defense · B00 · 864
- Pirc Defense · B07 · 440
Three Knights Opening 1 pages in this family
- Three Knights Opening · C46 · 1,180
Trompowsky Attack 1 pages in this family
- Trompowsky Attack · A45 · 1,065
Four Knights Game 4 pages in this family
- Four Knights Game · C47 · 1,058
- Spanish Variation · C48 · 501
- Scotch Variation · C47 · 347
- Scotch Variation Accepted · C47 · 329
Catalan Opening 3 pages in this family
- Catalan Opening · E00 · 991
- Catalan Opening · E00 · 630
- Open Defense · E01 · 480
Scotch Game 5 pages in this family
- Scotch Game · C44 · 970
- Scotch Game · C44 · 965
- Scotch Game · C45 · 810
- Schmidt Variation · C45 · 374
- Classical Variation · C45 · 305
King's Gambit 1 pages in this family
- King's Gambit · C30 · 917
Benoni Defense 2 pages in this family
- Benoni Defense · A56 · 880
- Old Benoni · A43 · 164
Scandinavian Defense 3 pages in this family
- Scandinavian Defense · B01 · 866
- Mieses-Kotroc Variation · B01 · 691
- Main Line · B01 · 355
Vienna Game 2 pages in this family
- Vienna Game · C25 · 856
- Falkbeer Variation · C26 · 516
Alekhine Defense 5 pages in this family
- Alekhine Defense · B02 · 772
- Normal Variation · B02 · 633
- Alekhine Defense · B03 · 525
- Alekhine Defense · B03 · 513
- Modern Variation · B04 · 344
Réti Opening 1 pages in this family
- Réti Opening · A09 · 752
Hungarian Opening 1 pages in this family
- Hungarian Opening · A00 · 734
Dutch Defense 1 pages in this family
- Dutch Defense · A80 · 724
Bogo-Indian Defense 2 pages in this family
- Bogo-Indian Defense · E11 · 704
- Grünfeld Variation · E11 · 301
Semi-Slav Defense 2 pages in this family
- Semi-Slav Defense · D43 · 671
- Accelerated Move Order · D31 · 282
Bishop's Opening 2 pages in this family
- Bishop's Opening · C23 · 652
- Berlin Defense · C24 · 561
King's Gambit Accepted 2 pages in this family
- King's Gambit Accepted · C33 · 610
- King's Knight's Gambit · C34 · 400
Old Indian Defense 1 pages in this family
- Old Indian Defense · A53 · 372
Tarrasch Defense 1 pages in this family
- Tarrasch Defense · D32 · 320
Benko Gambit 1 pages in this family
- Benko Gambit · A57 · 305
Every number on this page is computed from Katuranga's master game collection; names and ECO codes follow the lichess opening book (CC0).
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